OSI Model (Open System Interconnection) has been developed by International Organization for Standardization (ISO). It is an abstract description for layered communications and computer network protocol design. It is a 7 layer architecture. All these seven layers work together to transmit the data from one system to another. Each layer have different functions to work.
LAYERS OF OSI MODEL
- APPLICATION LAYER : It is The Topmost Layer of OSI model. users interact directly with applications that work at layer 7. Some examples of application layers are: Google Chrome, Firefox, Safari, Skype, Outlook, Office.
- PRESENTATION LAYER : Presentation layer is also called the Translation layer. The data from the application layer is translated according to the format to transmit over the network.
The functions of the presentation layer are :
- Translation
- Encryption
- Compression
- SESSION LAYER : Session layer is responsible for the security and authentication. This Layer also ensure setup, coordination (how long should a system wait for a response) and termination between the applications at each end of the session
The functions of the session layer are :
- Session establishment, maintenance and termination
- Synchronization
- Dialog Controller
- Transport Layer : This layer takes data from the above layer and breaks it into smaller units called Segments and then gives it to the Network layer for transmission. It is responsible for the End to End delivery of the complete message
The functions of the transport layer are :
- Segmentation and Reassembly
- Service Point Addressing
- NETWORK LAYER : Network layer works for the transmission of data from one host to the other located in different networks. It Transmit the data in the form of packets. It selects the shortest path to transmit data.
The functions of the Network layer are :
- Routing
- Logical Addressing
- DATA LINK LAYER : The Data Link Layer provides node-to-node data transfer between two directly connected nodes. It also handles error correction from the physical layer. It transmit the data as the frames
The functions of the data Link layer are
- Framing
- Physical addressing
- Error control
- Flow Control
- Access control
- PHYSICAL LAYER : It is the lowest layer of OSI Model. It is responsible for the actual physical connection between the devices . This layer contains the data in the form of bits
The functions of the physical layer are
- Bit synchronization
- Bit rate control
- Physical topologies
- Transmission mode
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